There is no single person or moment which “created” hormonal cycles (for female monthly menstruation or male age-related hormonal changes) or the commercial-industrial complex around them. Instead, what you’re observing is a complex historical process involving biology, culture, religion, medicine, commerce and technology. I’ll sketch out how key pieces of that process developed, what shifted over the last ~500 years (or more) and how “commercialisation” and modern institutionalisation entered the picture.
1. Biological & cultural basis of hormonal/menstrual cycles
The fact that many women have a roughly monthly cycle of ovulation/menstruation is a biological phenomenon of human reproduction. For example, the overview of what a menstrual cycle is explains that each month the uterus builds a lining then, if no pregnancy, sheds it.
indianfertilitysociety.org
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Scientific American
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Early medical-philosophical traditions (Greek, Roman, Indian, etc) tried to explain menstruation within their frameworks of humours, body fluids, and cosmology. For example: Pliny the Elder wrote in ancient Rome that menstrual fluid could have magical or contaminating effects.
Wikipedia
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In ancient Hindu/Ayurvedic thinking there were links between women’s “rakta” (blood) and lunar cycles.
Healthline
Cultural rites: Many societies had special rituals, taboos or seclusion associated with menstruation (sometimes called “menstrual huts” or seclusion during moon-time) reflecting spiritual/social practices rather than purely biomedical ones.
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So up to roughly 500 years ago (and earlier) the “cycle” was recognized in various ways (observed, ritualised, medicalised) but not in the modern sense of hormone-levels, monthly contraceptive markets, robotic therapies etc.
2. Institutional, ritual and social arrangements: temples, huts, public/private spaces
In various religious/cultural settings women during menstruation might be considered “ritually impure” (in some traditions) and therefore separated from temples or certain communal spaces. For example, certain Hindu or Buddhist texts link menstruation with lunar/body rhythms and prescribe periods of rest or seclusion.
Healthline
These arrangements varied by class, culture, region. Over time, as societies urbanised and industrialised (19th / 20th centuries), many of the older ritual-spaces changed in meaning. For example, middle-class Victorian Europe began to treat menstruation with modesty norms and new sanitary product markets.
Bangkok Post
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Commercial hygiene products (pads, tampons) started becoming mass-market late 19th / early 20th century in places like US/UK.
Bangkok Post
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So, the shift from “simple/ritual” to “commercial/industrial/private elite/consumer” was gradual and partly driven by changes in economy, gender norms, technology (manufacturing, advertising) and medicine.
3. Commercialisation of hormones and therapy
In the biomedical domain, the identification of hormones (e.g., estrogens, testosterone) and their therapeutic uses is a 19th/20th century phenomenon. For example, Charles Edward Brown‑Séquard self-injected animal-testicle extracts in 1889, initiating hormone therapy research.
PMC
The commercial hormone replacement therapy (HRT) industry really took off mid-20th century. For example, the drug Premarin (made from pregnant mare urine) was introduced in 1942.
University of Rochester Medical Center
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These therapies gradually became profitable medical/consumer products, influenced by pharmaceutical companies, marketing, medical practice, and changing social norms around menopause, sexuality, aging, gender performance.
So rather than “someone decided to make hormonal cycles” the biomedical and commercial infrastructure enabled new ways of managing, modifying, advertising, therapising those cycles (or the absence thereof).
4. Robotics, AI & modern “therapy scheduling”
The question of “when robotics came into this stuff” is more speculative. The use of robots in menstrual/hormonal therapy is not widely prominent yet; however broader robotics/automation in medical therapy (e.g., hormone pumps, endocrine-therapy devices, wearable monitoring) is relatively recent (late 20th to early 21st century).
AI modelling of menstrual cycles, hormone prediction etc is now emerging (see machine-learning papers modelling female hormonal cycle length etc).
arXiv
The “temples public/private areas reserved for this stuff” idea might refer metaphorically to specialised clinics (women’s health centres), “menstrual huts” in traditional societies, or private therapy spaces in modern times. Over centuries, these spaces evolved: from ritual/seclusion huts to medical offices to specialised health-centres and commercial wellness facilities.
The “elite” aspect: As expensive therapies, hormone treatments, sophisticated monitoring and device-based or robot-assisted interventions become available, access often becomes stratified by wealth/privilege. So what began as communal, ritual, bodily-cycle management becomes commodified into private healthcare markets.
5. Who were/could be the “persons responsible”?
There isn’t one person, but key figures and institutions include:
Early physicians and philosophers (e.g., Galen, Soranus, authors of De Secretis Mulierum) writing about female reproductive physiology in medieval/early modern period.
Wikipedia
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Biomedical pioneers of endocrinology such as Brown-Séquard, and later hormone-researchers in the 20th century.
PMC
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Pharmaceutical companies marketing HRT and menstrual/hormonal-related products in the 20th century (not always named individually here).
Social and cultural change-agents: feminists, medical reformers, women’s health movements that challenged taboos and pushed for scientific understanding and markets for menstrual/hormonal health. (For instance modern research organisations.)
Technology firms and medical device manufacturers working in hormone-therapy, wearable health, AI/robotics etc (emerging field).
6. Why did it become commercialised and “elite”?
The shift to commercialisation is driven by:
The medicalisation of reproductive and hormonal cycles (turning them into conditions to diagnose/treat).
Technological development (hormone therapies, devices, monitoring).
Market forces: pharmaceutical companies, medical device firms, advertising to consumers.
Changing social expectations: e.g., aging, menstrual hygiene, body image, women’s health, fertility control—leading to large markets.
“Elite” access: Advanced therapies, personalised monitoring, robotic/AI-assisted interventions cost money, are often in private health sector. So what once was managed in everyday communal/ritual contexts becomes part of high-tech/health-wealth systems.
Commercialisation of sanitary products (pads, tampons) is part of this shift: from custom cloth in households, to mass-manufactured branded products.
Also culture: as modesty norms, industrial work, urbanisation changed rhythms of life, cycles became more managed (timed, tracked, optimised) rather than simply lived.
7. Timeline Snapshot
Pre-modern (ancient through medieval): cycles observed, ritualised (menstrual seclusion huts, temple abstinence), medical humoral theories.
Early modern (~1500-1800): more medical texts on female reproduction, but still limited scientific understanding of hormones.
19th / early 20th century: beginnings of endocrinology, hormone extraction, early therapies.
Mid 20th century: mass manufacture of menstrual hygiene products, hormone replacement therapies, consumer marketing.
Late 20th / early 21st century: digital/AI/robotic health technologies, personalised hormone tracking, high-tech wellness, elite access.
The temple-to-clinic-to-high-tech progression reflects broader changes in society, medicine, technology and economy.
If you like, I can pull together a detailed timeline of 10-15 major milestones (globally) showing when various practices (ritual huts, first hormone treatments, first menstrual product ads, first robotic/AI health devices) emerged, with names and dates. Would you like me to do that?
You said:
Yes
ChatGPT said:
Here’s a timeline of major milestones relevant to what we discussed — hormonal cycle management (especially for females), hormone-therapy/medicalisation
Year / Approx Event Significance
~1890s Early hormone-research era begins, function of reproductive hormones under study.
Science History Institute
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MDPI
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Marks the beginnings of seeing reproductive/hormonal processes as medical objects rather than purely natural/social phenomena.
1940s-1950s Introduction of estrogen therapy for menopausal symptoms.
Science History Institute
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Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) begins to be used clinically.
1960s-1990s HRT becomes more popular; by the 1990s wide availability in many places.
MDPI
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This period sees major medical/consumer shift in how female hormonal cycles, menopause, etc are managed and commercialised.
1980s First documented surgical robot-assisted procedures: e.g., the robot arm (PUMA 560) used for neurosurgical biopsy under CT guidance, 1985.
Wikipedia
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Marks the beginning of robotics entering medical therapy.
1992 The first robot (ROBODOC) assists in a hip replacement surgery (Nov 7, 1992).
vitals.sutterhealth.org
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Demonstrates practical robotic assistance in orthopaedic surgery; shows medical robotics moving from concept into usage.
2001 The first long-distance telesurgery (“Lindbergh Operation”): surgeon in New York operates on a patient in France via robot.
Wikipedia
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Shows the potential of remote robotic therapy and the kind of high-tech evolution of medical intervention.
2002 Publication of major trial results for HRT (the Women's Health Initiative) showing risks of hormone therapy.
PubMed
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This triggers re-evaluation of hormone treatments and shows how medicalisation can have broader risk/benefit shifts.
2013–2014 Establishment of Menstrual Hygiene Day (May 28) to raise global awareness of menstrual hygiene management.
Wikipedia
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Reflects systematisation and global public-health framing of menstruation/hygiene rather than purely ritual/traditional perspective.
If you like, I can extend this timeline with regional milestones (India, South Asia, etc) — showing when local practices shifted (temple bans, hygiene product introduction, commercialisation in Indian subcontinent). Would that be useful?
You said:
Yes
ChatGPT said:
Here’s a regional-timeline for India / South Asia showing how local practices around menstruation, temple access, hygiene/commercialisation evolved.
Note: The timeline covers mainly the last ~70-80 years because detailed older records are harder to track for things like “robotics in hormonal therapy” or “temple commercialisation”.
Year / Approx Milestone Significance
Pre-modern / traditional In many temples and religious contexts in India, menstruating women (or women of certain age) were restricted from entering sanctums or doing certain rituals. E.g., Sabarimala Temple in Kerala had a prohibition on women of menstruating age entering.
Law4u
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Wikipedia
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Legal Service India
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Illustrates the ritual/seclusion aspect and the link between menstruation, purity/impurity & public religious spaces.
2011 The Indian Ministry of Health & Family Welfare launched the “Menstrual Hygiene Scheme” for adolescent girls in rural areas.
Drishti IAS
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Marks formal government intervention in menstrual hygiene rather than purely cultural/ritual management.
2014-15 Decentralisation of procurement of menstrual hygiene products in India: for example rural adolescent girls in 107 districts got sanitary napkins at Rs 1 each under a scheme.
The Economic Times
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Marks the shift toward commercial/hygienic product distribution, move from taboo to productised solutions.
2017-18 The tax (or the “tampon tax” equivalent) on sanitary pads in India became a public policy issue; awareness‐raising such as Menstrual Hygiene Day (28 May) gained traction.
Outlook India
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Reflects commercialisation, feminist/rights framing and movement toward treating menstruation as a health-/rights-issue not just ritual.
2018-present Growing market for feminine hygiene products in India: Start-ups and brands stepping in; eg the Indian feminine hygiene market projected to reach many billions rupees by 2025.
Franchise India
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Shows the increasing commercialisation: menstruation hygiene becomes a consumer market with brand strategy, innovation, tech entry.
2018-2022 Legal/constitutional challenges to traditional temple entry restrictions: e.g., Supreme Court of India ruled for women’s right to enter certain temples in Kerala.
Deutsche Welle
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Indicates social change, modernisation of a formerly exclusionary ritual practice, shift from purely sacred/seclusion model to equity model.
If you like, I can extend further with “robotics / AI / fem-tech in Indian context” milestones (smart-pads, IoT menstrual aids, fem-tech start-ups) and show who (companies, NGOs, individuals) are responsible for those. Would you like me to pull that?
You said:
Yes
ChatGPT said:
Certainly! Here's an overview of the evolution of femtech and menstrual health innovations in India, highlighting key players and technologies that have transformed this sector over recent years.
Evolution of Menstrual Health and Femtech in India1. Arunachalam Muruganantham – The PadMan Revolution
Who: Arunachalam Muruganantham, an inventor from Coimbatore.
Contribution: Developed a low-cost sanitary pad-making machine, empowering rural women to produce affordable sanitary pads locally.
Impact: His initiative has reached over 3 million women across 23 Indian states, significantly improving menstrual hygiene accessibility.
Wikipedia
2. Matri – Wearable Pain Relief
Who: Founded by Roni Mondal and Rohan Roy in Howrah, West Bengal.
Innovation: Matri Pro, a compact device using Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) to alleviate menstrual cramps.
Advancement: In May 2025, they launched a Dual Connectivity version, India's slimmest TENS-based period device.
Wikipedia
3. Magna Pads – Smart Sanitary Pads
Who: Vanama Vamsi, a B.Pharm student from Vijayawada.
Innovation: Developed Magna Pads, sanitary pads coated with magnesium hydrogen to reduce menstrual cramps.
Future Plans: Aiming to integrate diagnostic strips to detect conditions like PCOD and early signs of cancer.
The Times of India
4. MIMA – IoT-Integrated Menstrual Aid
What: MIMA is a multifunctional, Bluetooth-controlled intimate wear designed to address menstrual cramps, rashes, leakage, and malodor.
Technology: Incorporates IoT for heat therapy and features leak-proof, antibacterial, and anti-odor properties.
Development: The product has received positive feedback from users during trials.
arXiv
5. NIRAMAI – AI for Breast Cancer Detection
Who: Founded by Dr. Geetha Manjunath and Nidhi Mathur.
Innovation: Thermalytix, an AI-driven solution for early breast cancer detection using thermography.
Impact: Offers over 90% accuracy, aiding in early diagnosis and treatment.
Inc42 Media
6. Humans For Humanity – Grassroots Awareness
Who: Founded by Anurag Chauhan in Dehradun.
Mission: Educates women and young girls in rural areas about menstruation and hygiene through workshops and the production of low-cost sanitary pads.
Reach: Has impacted over 3 million women across six states in India.
Wikipedia
7. Sirona – Public Access to Menstrual Hygiene
What: In partnership with M3M India, Sirona installed menstrual hygiene vending machines across 15 commercial spaces in Gurugram.
Products Offered: Sanitary pads, menstrual cups, period panties, panty liners, toilet seat covers, and stain-removing wipes.
Significance: Enhances accessibility to menstrual hygiene products in public spaces.
Business Standard
SummaryIndia has witnessed a significant transformation in menstrual health and femtech, driven by innovative startups and grassroots initiatives. From affordable sanitary pad production to AI-driven health diagnostics, these advancements have improved accessibility, awareness, and technology integration in women's health.
If you're interested in exploring specific products or learning more about these innovations, feel free to ask!

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